1. Color Terminology

Hue: What color something is
Chroma: The purity of a color
Saturation: The strength/weakness of a color
Shade: This done by mixing black to a pure color
Tint: This is done by mixing white to a pure color
Tone: This is by adding grey to a pure color
Value: How light or dark a color is

“The Color scheme is the choice of colors used in some design format”

They are used to create a style or appeal
Colors that create aesthetic feelings will often be used together for such schemes
Basic Schemes will use 2 colors that come together well
The term Color Scheme can and does also refer to use of colors outside typical media context. Like on military vehicles can mean which camouflage pattern they are using